India Wins Freedom

 

Summary of India Wins Freedom

One of the makers of modern India tells the story of the partition of India as never before, with intimate knowledge and feeling. India Wins Freedom has at last won its own freedom. The full text of this autobiographical narrative was confined, under seal, in the National Library, Calcutta, and in the National Archives, New Delhi, for thirty years. What we now have is the complete text, released in September 1988, by a court directive. Not only have all the words and phrases of the original been reproduced, the original tone and temper have been fully restored. The text now reveals that the controversy that has simmered for so long about the hitherto unpublished pages, was fully justified.

PDF download: e-Book: English – india-wins-freedom

Famous speech by him:

Thinking Arabic Translation

One reviewer said:

Thinking Arabic Translation is an outstanding book for anyone attempting to make a coherent, cohesive translation from Arabic to English. It outlines the continuum that exists between an extremely literal translation (interlinear translation) and a free translation. In the former case, much of the Arabic grammar of the source text comes over into the translation creating an extreme source language bias so that the translation does not really respect English grammar. In a totally free translation, there is maximum bias from the English language to the extent, for example, that an Arabic proverb might be replaced by a completely different English proverb with the same general meaning. Thus, the colloquial Arabic proverb, “What passed died” (illi faat maat) might be replaced with “Let bygones be bygones.” Somewhere in between these two extremes is a more balanced translation. In addition, Dickins discusses such topics as translation loss, the need sometimes to translate by omitting words, or by adding them. One of the problems I have encountered myself in translating is the tendency for many Arabic sentences to be far longer than the average English sentence, and generally lacking in much punctuation. This often requires sentence splitting. Dickins gives examples of how this can be done. Dickin’s book is full of Arabic texts with examples of how they have been translated with all the issues involved. He even points out the ways in which Arabic and English typically organize their ideas differently, and the problems this creates in translating. It is, therefore, sometimes necessary to use textual restructuring. Really an outstanding book that I have found very useful.

Download: http://www.fileserve.com/file/pCdwC5R#

Pakistan: US drone raid ‘kills 25’ in N Waziristan

At least 25 people have been killed in a US drone strike in the troubled Pakistani tribal region of North Waziristan, officials told the BBC.

Missiles were fired on a large compound in the town of Spinwam, but five women and four children in a nearby house were also killed.

The area is a haven for al-Qaeda and Taliban militants.

Meanwhile, at least 13 soldiers died when hundreds of insurgents attacked a checkpoint near the Afghan border.

Pakistani security officials told the BBC that Afghan militants had crossed the border and stormed the army post in the Lower Dir area.

Security forces temporarily abandoned the post but now, residents say, they are back in control and have placed the entire area under curfew.

Pakistani-US tensions

Pakistani officials say four missiles were fired on a large compound occupied by supporters of local militant commander Hafiz Gul Bahadur, in Spinwam, 40km (25 miles) north-east of the tribal region’s main town of Miranshah.

Several people were also wounded in Friday’s attack, a local intelligence official was quoted as telling AFP news agency.

The US does not routinely confirm it conducts drone operations in Pakistan.

But analysts say only American forces have the capacity to deploy such aircraft. US drone attacks have escalated in the region since President Barack Obama took office. More than 100 raids were reported last year.

Many militants, some of them senior, have been killed in the raids, but hundreds of civilians have also died.

Drone strikes are are hugely unpopular with the Pakistani public. Correspondents say they have the tacit approval of the authorities, although Pakistani leaders deny secretly supporting them.

The BBC’s Ilyas Khan in Islamabad says there have been few drone attacks in Spinwam, making it a comparatively safe place for militants who have been chased out of other militant strongholds in North Waziristan.

A drone strike in North Waziristan on 17 March killed some 40 people, most of them believed to be civilians attending a tribal meeting.

In a rare public condemnation, Gen Kayani called that raid “intolerable and unjustified”.

Friday’s strike comes a day after Pakistani army chief, Gen Ashfaq Pervez Kayani, told the US military’s top officer, Adm Mike Mullen, that drone strikes complicated Pakistan’s “national” war against the militants.

It also comes amid a deepening rift between the US and Pakistan. On Wednesday Adm Mullen accused Pakistan’s spy agency of having links with militants targeting troops in Afghanistan.

Anti-American feeling has been on the rise in Pakistan, stoked by the row over CIA contractor Raymond Davis, arrested and later released after shooting dead two Pakistani men in Lahore in January.

Recent reports in the US from unnamed Pakistani officials, suggest Pakistan demanded certain restrictions to the CIA’s activities in Pakistan, including their drone programme.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-13167425

Learning Tajweed book

Some points regarding the chains of Ahaadeeth…

Bismillaahir Rahmaanir Raheem.

Anyone who studies or reads a Hadeeth which contains its chain of narration (Sanad) will always come across the following terms, and therefore it is important to understand what it is used for:

1: Haddathanaa -حدثنا
2: Akhbaranaa – أخبرنا
3: Amba’anaa – أنبأنا

1: Haddathanaa is used when an ‘Aalim narrates a Hadeeth and the student listens.

In certain kitaabs some printing companies shorten this term to just being Thanaa ثنا, but the meaning is exactly the same, it’s just an abbreviated form of the word.

2: Akhbaranaa is used when a student reads a Hadeeth to an ‘Aalim and the ‘Aalim authenticates it.

This is sometimes shortened to look like Anaa انا.

3: Amba’anaa is used when one student hears another student reading a Hadeeth to an ‘Aalim and the ‘Aalim authenticates it.

These are the three terms which have been used by the Muhadditheen in their books, you will also find some ‘Ulamaa using terms other than the ones mentioned here, but they are simply synonyms of these three terms.

Another thing is the usage of a Haa ح in some chains, this Haa is short for Tahweel تحويل, it is used to signify a switch in the Sanad (chain) to a new chain.

This is found alot in the books of Hadeeth like Saheeh Al-Bukhaari etc, where Imaam Bukhaari Rahimahullaah will begin narrating a Hadeeth with one chain, and then switch to another chain from different narrators narrating that same Hadeeth to further strengthen it by it now having two chains of narration.

http://darulilm.wordpress.com/2011/03/25/some-points-regarding-the-chains-of-ahaadeeth/

Some may find this of use also: http://muttaqun.com/hadith.html

U.S. soldiers’ ‘kill team’ killed Afghanis, used body parts in poker games

Rogue U.S.

soldiers snipped the pinky off an Afghan teen they killed for kicks – and later used it to wage a bet while playing spades, a blockbuster expose reports.

That’s one of the shocking stories in a new Rolling Stone magazine expose of an Army “kill team” that targeted innocent Afghan civilians for death.

Staff Sgt. Calvin Gibbs, the squad leader and main target of the Army’s ongoing war crimes investigation, allegedly sliced the finger off Gul Mudin – the approximately 15-year-old Afghan that Spc. Jeremy Morlock and Pfc. Andrew Holmes are accused of killing.

“When it came time for their wager, Morlock and Holmes said they would bet a finger,” Mark Boal reported MOnday in the magazine. “Then they tossed the finger that Gibbs had sliced from Mudin’s body on the card pile.”

Seventeen revolting photographs taken by the soldiers – including one of a severed head and another showing a pair of blown off legs – accompany the article by Boal, who won an Oscar for writing “The Hurt Locker” screenplay.

Those awful images were published just days after another batch of gory pictures taken by the soldiers appeared in the German newsmagazine Der Spiegel.

The Pentagon has already condemned the alleged atrocities as “repugnant to us as human beings and contrary to the standards and values of the United States Army,” and apologized to the Afghan people “for the distress these photos cause.”

Morlock, shown in several pictures holding a dead man’s head by the hair, has already pleaded guilty to murder during his court-martial.

The troubled 22-year-old from Wasilla, Alaska – a pal and hockey teammate of Sarah Palin’s son, Track – is expected to testify against Gibbs, Holmes and other platoon members.

Fearful of handing a propaganda weapon to the Taliban, Boal reports the Army “launched a massive effort to find every file and pull the pictures out of circulation before they could touch off a scandal on the scale of Abu Ghraib.”

Abu Ghraib was the Iraqi prison when U.S. soldiers took pictures of themselves humiliating prisoners.

“By suppressing the photos, however, the Army may also have been trying to keep secret evidence that the killings of civilians went beyond a few men in 3rd Platoon,” Boal reported.

It is a violation of Army standards to take photos of dead.

Boal also reports that the bored soldiers blew their minds by smoking copious amounts of hashish and beat up suspected “snitches” who complained.

In one case, Boal reports that after Gibbs directed the beating of one soldier he “reached into his pocket and took out a bit of cloth.”

“Unfolding it, he tossed two severed fingers on the floor, with bits of skin still hanging off the bone,” Boal reported.

Then Morlock warned the beaten soldier that he would end up like “that guy” if he didn’t “shut the hell up.”

U.S. soldiers’ ‘kill team’ killed Afghanis, used body parts in poker games: report – New York Daily News

The spelling convention

The spelling convention

For many centuries in England people spelt words the way they wished and even chose several ways of spelling a word in the same piece of writing. Although there were periods when English spelling was relatively stable and various attempts were made to standardise spelling, it was not really until Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was published in 1755 that spelling patterns became fixed. Dr Johnson wasn’t always consistent in his dictionary and is responsible for some of the curious spelling patterns that cause difficulties for today’s spellers; for example, he included a ‘p’ in ‘receipt’ but not in ‘conceit’ or ‘deceit’. However, this dictionary and its successors did provide a reference so that people could check their spelling. Once spelling became standardised the ability to spell according to convention became important.

Page 12 of Getting to grips with spelling.

Spelling (Getting to Grips)

Product Description

This series is designed to help anyone who needs to “get to grips” with the rules and conventions of written English, whether for study, business or general self-improvement and confidence. Each volume offers a guide to a particular aspect of English usage, this book looking at spelling, while together the four titles form a comprehensive source of learning and reference. The material has been arranged in a way that allows systematic, progressive study and/or “dip-in” referral at need.

Malcolm X Return From Hajj 1964 Complete Version

The most dangerous creation of any society…

 

“The most dangerous creation of any society is the man who has nothing to lose,” wrote James Baldwin in The Fire Next Time. “You do not need 10 such men. Only one will do.”

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